Part 11
By Rabbi Aminadav Ben Avraham Hinton
Theme: Dorema Eshkar
{ Term Definitions included at the end}
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Script:
Minchah in the scripture-
Tehillim 141.1-10/ Tehillim 55. 1-23/ Dani'el 9.1-27/ Matthew 14.1-36
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Tehillim 141. 1-2 A Psalm of Dovid
YHVH, I have called you; come to me quickly ! Listen to my plea( Teshuvah) when I call to you.
Let me Tefillah be like incense set before you, my uplifted hands like the evening sacrifice( Korban, Minchah)
Mattityahu 14. 22-25 -Tefillah of Yeshua after Minchah
Immediately he had his talmidim get in the boat and go on ahead of him to the other side, while he sent the crowds away 23. After he had sent the crowds away, he went up into the hills by himself to daven (pray). Night came on. And he was there alone 24. But by this time, the boat was several miles from shore, battling a rough sea and a head wind. Around four o'clock in the morning ( Yeshua prayed, Davened for about eight hours at that hill, I wonder what was he praying about and for whom, maybe he was praying for his Talmidim's faith, don't really know )
He came toward them, walking on the lake!
< Read the rest, It is a wonderful story, Imagine waves as high as hills, rushing and gashing against the boat, turning the boat from side to side and all the talmidim are covered in water drenched completely and Yeshua in the midst of all this is walking through a typhoon on the sea as if it were dry land. >
Let me tell you a story:
I received a little news letter in the mail yesterday from
Dr. Kevin Meador of The Prayer Closet Ministries Inc.
Titled: Returning to God's Word
The first Paragraph reads
A little girl and her mother were cleaning house one morning.
As the daughter was dusting the coffee table. She noticed a Bible.
She dusted the bible and asked her mother.
“ Isn't this God's book?
The mother was elated that her daughter recognized that the Bible was God's book.
She replied”Why yes dear, that is God's book”
The daughter then said ,
“Well why don't we send it back to him, because we never use it”
This Story illustrates the unfortunate neglect of the Bible by so called believers. ______________________________________
Let get started on this week's Halakha Lesson.
Messianic Halakha comes to us from the Hebrew word to mean: To walk, This path, This way, It is a term for rules and rulings that govern Jewish life. In this lesson we will cover of the Messianic Halakha listings. We will cover the Halakha importance of Minchah- spelled with a Mem, Nun, Het & Hay- The Hebrew word Minchah means Gift or Giving. It is used for any gift or present, not just a sacrificial offering of Tefillah.
The Minchah offering allowed people to renew their commitment to give themselves to YHVH. In ancient Israel
the Minchah is the most ancient of offerings, Cain and Abel would have given a Minchah to YHVH, which later becomes a Tefillah for the evening, In Shemot 29. The Morning (Shachar, Boker) and evening( Erev) sacrifices are instituted as Minchah and Olah using wording that suggest these concepts would be already familiar to Moshe. It involved giving a small gift (Mattan) in the contrast to the animal which would become the Olah (Burnt Offering) The Minchah required two quarts of fine flour, flavored with oil and frankincense, being given to YHVH. The Cohanim would have added a handful at that time to the Altar. During the first century, the olah was still being used in more of less the same way, until the second temple was destroyed.
A Rabbi Mordecai Kornfield writes:
The Shacharis Tefillah is called Shacharis because it is the morning (Shachar) prayer and it corresponds to the morning Tamid offering . The night time tefillah is called either Arvis or Ma'ariv and is called such because it is said at night (Erev)
Why though is the afternoon tefillah called Minchah?
The Vilna Ga'on in Shenos Eliyahu adds that we find a person is allowed to recite Minchah until the very end of the day. If the afternoon tefillah was instituted to correspond to the afternoon Korban Tamid as the Gemera (26 b) states that the Korbans slaughtering was never done later than 8 ½ hours into the day, So why should we be able to daven after the time of the slaughtering of the Tamid?
The Minchah tefillah was instituted to correspond not to the offering of the Tamid, but to the Minchah offering that was brought with the Korban Tamid (During which Eliyahu's Tefillah were answered ) Which could be brought until the very end of the day (Sunset according to the Rabanah, Plag Ha'Minchah according to Rabbi Yehudah, He explains that the reason the time for the afternoon tefillah was determined by the Minchah offering (and the morning prayer was not) is because the Korban along with all of it's associated offering's make up one single group called the Korban Tamid. In the morning , the time of tefillah is determined by the first part of the Korban, which is the Minchah offering. Rambam (Perush Ha'Mishnayos) says that the later afternoon is called Minchah in Hebrew, in fact the Hebrew word for gift is Minchah- any Hebrew dictionary will prove that. And therefore the afternoon tefillah is called as such.
The Avudraham adds that the Torah refers to the late afternoon as Ruach Ha'Yom ( Bereishis 3.
which the Targum translates as “ Li Menach Yoma” which means the time the sun can be seen to be setting, hence the prayer said at that time is called Minchah Aspects of Halakha for Minchah
The Gemara teaches the one who misses shacharis should recite two Shemoneh Esrei at Minchah similarly one who missed Minchah or Ma'ariv should say the following tefillah twice. What is the Halakha- spelt also Halacha and Halachah if a person forgot to say Ya'aleh V'Yavo during Minchah on Rosh Chodesh and he did not remember until night time after Rosh Chodesh ? Should he say Ma'ariv that night twice in order to make up for the Shemoneh Esrei that he lost.
( By not saying Ya'aleh V'Yavo ) during Minchah or should he not recite an extra Shemoneh Esrei because he already said them at Minchah, and he will not gain Ya'aleh V'Yavo because he does not recite it the night after Rosh Chodesh!
Answers: Tosfos (DH Ta;ah) cites two opinions in the Rishonim
(A.) Rabeinu Yehudah says that he not recite another Shemoneh Esrei at night to make up for omitting Ya'aleh V'Yavo in Minchah of the previous day, because he gains nothing by doing so
(B.) The RIF argues that he should recite a second Shemoneh Esrei at Ma'ariv even though he does not recite Ya'aleh V'Yavo in it.
It appears that the two opinions argue about the reason why a person must repeat Shemoneh Esrei altogether when he misses Ya'aleh V'Yavo on Rosh Chodesh, must he repeat Shemoneh Esrei because it lacked Ya'aleh V'Yavo and he must compensate for that. Or must he repeat it because his entire Shemoney Esrei is considered lacking, and therefore he must compensate for the entire Shemoneh Esrei?
Rabeinu Yehudah maintains that his entire Shemoneh Esrei is valid, but lacking Ya'aleh V'Yavo and therefore he must recite a second Shemoneh Esrei to make up for the missing Ya'aleh V'Yavo
consequently, If the recitation of another Shemoneh Esrei will not give him the Ya'aleh V'Yavo which he missed, there is no reason for him to repeat the Shemoneh Esrei.
The RIF , on the other hand, maintains that his entire Shemoneh Esrei is not a valid Tefillah, If he omitted Ya'aleh V'Yavo and therefore he must repeat it, even if he will not gain Ya'aleh V'Yavo by repeating it.
Halakha: The Rosh (4.2)
Says that the answer to this question remains in doubt. Therefore he concludes that one should recite a second Shemoneh Esrei at Ma'ariv but he should intend it as a Tefillah Nedavah
Since he is saying a Tefillah Nedavah due to a doubt as to whether he is actually obligated to recite another Shemoneh Esrei, he does not have to add a new request in his Tefillah, which one is normally required to do when reciting a Tefilas Nedavah. The Mishnah Berurah (OC 108:36) adds that if the night after Rosh Chodesh is a Shabbat or Yom Tov, one should not repeat Shemoneh Esrei, since a Tefilas Nedavah is not said on those days.
~ WORDS IN THE MINCHAH HALAKHA ~
Tamid: means Always, It outlines the procedures of Tamid (Daily Sacrifices- done from the Temple to todays actual prayer siddur
The Vilna Ga'on: Who is known as Rabbi Elijah Ben Shlomo Zalman, known as Vilna Ga'on, He was in the early 13th, 14th century a famous Talmudist, Halachist (which is a person effectual teacher of Halakha precepts) He was formost a leader of non hasidic world Jewry
Shenos Eliyahu : Berechot- portion of Eliyahu
Plag Ha'Minchah: Halachic hours before sunset
Korban Tamid: Sacrifices for the daily sacrificial services, The Korban Tamid teaches us that what we see as mundane, Hashem sees as the root of Kedusha- Embracing Mitzvah (Yah's Commandments)
Perush Ha'Mishnayos: Rambam Perush- Meraked (Sifting) It deals with sifting of the flour to separate the coarse brain as done in Temple sacrifices which became evident in Tefillah usage.
The Avudraham: This person real name was Rabbi David Avudraham, A Rabbi from Spain
( 13th- 14th century Spain) who was instrumental with Halakha
Ruach Ha'Yom: It is the spirit of the morning tefillahs, The divine spirit as explained by Korban He'eida in Tractate Sh'kalim- which you can further reseach.
Li Menach Yoma: Li first and foremost means my, to me, I am. It is the time when the sun is setting.
Ya'aleh V'Yavo: Means Arise and Come, it signals the new month which is called: Rosh- Head Chodesh, and it's tefillah added to Amidah.
Tosfos ( DH Ta'ah): It explains the removal of properties. Husband, wifes, something depleted, unjustly done.
Rishonim: Hebrew for Rishon,The former ones, were the leading Rabbis and Poskim- who lived during the 11th to the 15th century. Poskim means: A legal scholar who decides Halakha in case of civil and legislative laws for the Jew, Halakha is used to govern the laws of the land in Israel. We wish that were the case for America as well
The RIF: The scholar of 1013-1103. RIF stands for Rabbi Yitzchak of the city Kala in Algeria. He was well learned in Torah in the Yeshiva of Kairuwan and Halachic law
Tefilas Nedavah: It is a free will tefillah (prayer), It is compared to a Korban Nedavah. A free will sacrifice offered once in the Temple.
Yom Tov: Yom means day, Tov means Good- then Yom Tov expresses the good morning berochot, It refers also to the following biblical holidays such as Rosh Hashanah, The first two days of Sukkot, Shemini Atzeret and Simchat Torah, The first two and last two days of Pesach and both days of Shavuot.
The primary obligation of Yom Tov is expressed in Torah- And you shall rejoice in your festival and you shall only be happy. This biblical obligation to rejoice is exclusively to Yom Tov " on Shabbats we are only required to honor the day and engage in pleasing activities, The basic guidelines are: We are to enjoy two meals on everyday of Yom Tov one at night and another during the day, It is a Mitzvah to eat meat and rink Etc.
Conclusion:
Traditions in Halakha do not compromise scripture as long as they line up with scripture, so they are important for us to learn, see you next week- Shavua Tov
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